The centrifugal flow compressor consists of an impeller rotor, a diffuser stator, and a compressor manifold. A fourth, unusual, type is the freepiston gas generator, which combines the. Not only is experion controlling the turbines, but it also handles all turbine, generator, and compressor auxiliaries as well as the balance of plant controls in a single easy to use, easy to maintain system. Driving centrifugal compressor technology brochure atlas copco. A 4 mtpa lng facility has a power requirement equal to an industrialized city of about 100,000 inhabitants. Us4057371a gas turbine driven high speed centrifugal. Online adaptation of performance maps for centrifugal gas. Kawasaki centrifugal compressor kawasaki heavy industries. The large, high flow compressors are practically all driven by steam turbines. The engine extracts chemical energy from fuel and converts it to mechanical energy using the gaseous energy of the working fluid air to drive the engine and propeller, which, in turn, propel the airplane.
Solar offers reliable and versatile natural gas centrifugal compressors for all oil and gas applications. We are excited to announce the release of the first centrifugal compressor training video developed in over 20 years. A gas turbine driver, though, is not always the most efficient driver, particularly when operating below capacity, but this is offset by low overall lifecycle. Centrifugal compressors are widely used for natural gas transportation by increasing the pressure of the gas. The arrangement considered in this study is depicted in fig. Many factors affect compressor and turbine engine performance, including blade dynamics, fluid dynamics, and the physical properties of gas. Thus, for the end user and the manufacturer, an accurate determination of the compressor field performance and measurement uncertainty is of vital interest. The key difference between such compressors and pumps is that the compressor working fluid is a gas compressible and the pump working fluid is liquid incompressible. Millward proceedings of the institution of mechanical engineers, part a. Apr 01, 2015 hornberger, horst, wockenfuss, albrecht, and schmidt, klaus d. Control optimization for multiple gas turbine driven. All electric lng plants better, safer, more reliable and. For more complex projects unit responsibility as prime contractor is given to compressor manufacturer gas turbine being offthe shelf and compressor being customized.
Turbocompressor units with the steamturbine driven centrifugal compressors. As mentioned earlier, the power range and speed range of the gas turbine should be well matched with the specified required power and speed range of the centrifugal compressor. Reference 1 provides information on other types of compressors, such as positivedisplacement, axial, and others. Development of a novel gas turbine driven centrifugal. The tcu includes a centrifugal or axial compressor, steam turbine drive, instrumentation and amcs. Apr 23, 2015 a procedure for optimizing the preliminary design of a gas turbine driven multistage centrifugal compressor package is discussed. Field testing of gas turbine driven centrifugal compressor units at operational production facilities can provide valuable information about the condition of the equipment. Compression process of gas in centrifugal compressor describes with fig.
Emphasis is placed on the operators responsibilities with regard to auxiliary systems, operational data taking, and data evaluation. In this paper, a case study is presented based on field testing performed on the compressors and gas turbine drivers of six units at a gas compression station. Performance assessment of gas turbine driven centrifugal. Gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors for gas storage and. Fundamentals of gas turbine engines introduction the gas turbine is an internal combustion engine that uses air as the working fluid. The gas turbines manufactured by ge energy have features that make them particularly suitable for pipeline compressor applications. This course develops a background in gas turbine operation that will enable participants to properly analyze operating problems and take the necessary corrective action.
I ntroduction what a gas turbine driven compressor model should tell us. Development of a novel gas turbine driven centrifugal compressor a. Sep 28, 2015 a gas turbine is an internal combustion engine that converts heat energy of the fuel into mechanical energy via three main elements a compressor, combustor and turbine. Gas turbine driven compressor delivered by antonov, ongc.
The fuel gas booster maintains a consistent suppy of fuel gas. Gas enter compressor through suction nozzle 1 at ps p1 measured as total pressure and become p2 as static pressure in isentropic. Turbocompressors centrifugal compressors are members of a class of. Preliminary staging selection for gas turbine driven. They are an integral part of the petrochemical industry, finding extensive use because of their smooth operation, large tolerance of process fluctuations, and their higher reliability compared with other types of. However, the compressor is a part of a gas turbine, meaning that additional restrictions are imposed by the engine as a whole. Gas turbine driven compressors linkedin slideshare. There are three basic categories of gas turbine engine compressor. Hornberger, horst, wockenfuss, albrecht, and schmidt, klaus d. It explores the various types of centrifugal compressors, provides valuable information on impellers, and explains basic centrifugal compressor sizing. Today, gas turbines are one of the most widelyused power generating technologies. Surge is an inherent phenomenon in a centrifugal compressor, defined as reversal of fluid flow which can possibly damage the machine. Generally centrifugal compressors are limited to two stages due to efficiency concerns.
Pdf control concepts for centrifugal compressor applications. Our centrifugal gas compressors are a reliable solution for meeting this. The gas burners a re ignited and the compressor is loaded up. The market for naturalgas driven applications within the powergeneration industry is growing rapidly all over the world. Learn how solar offers a variety of turbine ratings to fit your needs. The size and operating speed of a centrifugal com pressor have a direct effect on the operation and the maintaining of the compressor. Gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors hydrocarbon. Many gas compressor stations use multiple gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors.
A high speed centrifugal compressor is closely directly coupled to the power turbine of a twoshaft gas turbine having a gas generator section separate from its power turbine. Discussed herein is the field testing of gas turbine driven compressors and the typical. Figure 146 centrifugal compressors have a high pressure rise per stage that can be around 8. Matching of gas turbines and centrifugal compressors citeseerx. As gas turbines operate in a continuous thermodynamic cycle, they have a higher power density than other types of internal combustion engines. Only on rare occasions can electric, steam or deisel oil drives compete with natural gas as compressor fuel in pipeline service. Emphasis is placed on the operators responsibilities with regard. Learn how solar offers a variety of turbines to fit your compression needs. In a gas turbine, the centrifugal compressor transfers energy from impeller blades. The challenge is to control the units such, that certain. While the majority of natural gas field and transmission compressors are reciprocating machines, a sizable minority are centrifugal compressors driven by gas turbines. Our centrifugal gas compressors are a reliable solution. Centrifugal compressors are used to power gas turbine engines used in jet aircraft, energy production, and other heavy industry applications. Matching centrifugal compressors with gas turbines.
Pdf control methods for centrifugal compressors, especially in oil and gas service. The centrifugalflow compressor consists of an impeller rotor, a diffuser stator, and a compressor manifold. Figure 1 efficiency per unit of centrifugal compressor driven by motor and gas turbine indicates total efficiency for motor and gas turbine driven systems, respectively where does the electric energy come from. Gas turbine units are normally used for higher horsepower 10.
Gas turbine driven gas compressor provides decades of. Abstract this paper describes the fundamental performance of gas. Semiconstant duty services tend to fall between two operational extremes of either a narrow speed range or which operate over a narrow flow range and power. With state of the art performance, solar has delivered over 6500 centrifugal compressors that deliver bestinclass efficiencies. Field testing of gas turbine driven centrifugal compressor. The market for natural gasdriven applications within the powergeneration industry is growing rapidly all over the world. Solar designs and manufactures every turbomachinery package using quality and safety systems recognized worldwide as standards of excellence. Gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors products. Gas turbine driven gas compressor provides decades of reliable power source overview as the first industrial enduser of the ase series aeroderivative gas turbine, pakistan oilfields has been operating two ase40 engines on a continuous duty compressor. Sep 03, 2012 gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors are broadly employed in the oil and gas industry for semiconstant or variable compression duty applications as depicted in figure 1. Tutorial on modeling of gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors. Proceedings of the asme 1986 international gas turbine conference and exhibit. Gas turbine compressor ge maintenance overhauling youtube.
The use of gas turbines for generating electricity dates back to 1939. As the name suggests, gas turbine engine compressors provide the compression part of the gas turbine engine thermodynamic cycle. Gas turbinedriven centrifugal compressors are broadly employed in the oil and gas industry for semiconstant or variable compression duty applications as depicted in figure 1. They are compatible with singleor doubleended steam turbine and can be coupled with a multistage booster. Ge energys pipeline centrifugal compressor line complements its gas turbine line to optimize matching with the gas turbine driver resulting in perfectly integrated gas turbine compressor units. Gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors for gas storage. The high efficiency of the centrifugal compressor handling the lowhead, highvolume flows of pipeline service makes it a natural choice. The compressor is normally a centrifugal type and may be a highspeed singlestage. Future compressor station technologies and applications. Steam turbine units rated from 6 to 25 mw complete electricallydriven gas pumping units rated at 4,0. Pdf analysis and improvement of a twostage centrifugal. All the equipment is developed and manufactured by close co.
During startup a specific acceleration, and therefore also a certain amount of energy, is required. The optimization procedure is based on the variation of singlestage centrifugal compressor adiabatic efficiency as a function of specific speed and mach number. Turbocompressor units with the steamturbine driven. Regardless of location, an efficient delivery of gas to the plants turbines is instrumental if productivity is to be maintained in this process. Centrifugal compressors are also similar to centrifugal pumps of the style shown in the adjacent figures. The compressor stations will be designed for a flow capacity of fifty million standard cubic feet per day 50 mmscfd. Gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors a gas turbine compressor station uses a small amount of the gas in the pipeline to fuel a combustion gas turbine known as a mechanical drive. Solar builds complete gas compressor packages that are ready to go to work in all gas compression and transmission applications, no matter where the job is.
Application of a 5500 rpm high speed induction motor and drive in a 7000 hp natural gas compressor installation. A gas turbine is an internal combustion engine that converts heat energy of the fuel into mechanical energy via three main elements a compressor, combustor and turbine. Centrifugal compressors srl ge compressors pdf catalogs. Api 616 requires that the gas turbine shall be designed for continuous service at each point. The optimization procedure is based on the variation of singlestage centrifugal compressor adiabatic efficiency as a. Centrifugal compressors an overview sciencedirect topics. The bai hassan project involves the installation of three 3 solar gas turbine driven dual tandem centrifugal gas compressors at three 3 new gas compressor stations, ab4, ab5 and ab6 near the bai hassan oil field in iraq. Steam turbine units rated from 6 to 25 mw complete electricallydriven gaspumping units rated at 4,0. Centrifugal compressors chapter 6 are used in small gas turbines and are the driven units in most gas turbine compressor trains. Figure 3 shows an example of a fuel gas compressor arrangement for a gtcc plant, with two gas turbines and three fuel gas compressors connected by a common header. Gas turbines are a type of internal combustion ic engine in which burning of an airfuel mixture produces hot gases that spin a turbine to produce power. Gas turbine driven gas compressor provides decades of reliable power source overview as the first industrial enduser of the ase series aeroderivative gas turbine, pakistan oilfields has been operating two ase40 engines on a continuous duty compressor drive application since 1979.
Pdf the performance of a lowhighpressurestage centrifugal compressor in a landuse mwlevel gas turbine with a pressure ratio of approximately 11. Centrifugal compressors a basic guide details the proper selection of a compressor is a complex and important decision. Compression process of gas in centrifugal compressor gas compression process is presented in enthalpy versus entropy chart. Gas turbine driven centrifugal compressors for gas storage and withdrawal applications. A procedure for optimizing the preliminary design of a gas turbine driven multistage centrifugal compressor package is discussed. When should an electric adjustable speed drive be used. The very large flow, large horsepower machines are practically all steam turbine driven with a few being driven hy ga turbine where natural gas fuel is available.
1337 44 1107 1439 105 834 832 1350 883 1410 98 347 623 1626 369 1411 114 1182 653 537 114 1259 53 1270 1304 1054 865 633 158 82